Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy
type: channel
description: The Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy (JTDE) is an international, high quality, peer reviewed journal, indexed by Scopus and Google Scholar, covering innovative research and practice in Telecommunications, Digital Economy and Applications. The mission of JTDE is to further through publication the objective of advancing learning, knowledge and research worldwide. The JTDE publishes peer-reviewed papers that may take the following form: Research Paper - a paper making an original contribution to engineering knowledge. Special Interest Paper – a report on significant aspects of a major or notable project. Review Paper – an overview of a relevant area, preferably written for well informed but non-specialist readers. Public Policy Discussion - a paper that identifies or discusses public policy and includes investigation of legislation, regulation or best practice. Tutorial Paper – a paper that explains an important subject or clarifies the approach to an area of design or investigation. Technical Note – a technical note or letter to the Editors that is not sufficiently developed or extensive in scope to constitute a full paper. Industry Case Study - a paper that provides details of industry practices utilising a case study to provide an understanding of what is occurring and how the outcomes have been achieved. Discussion – a contribution to discuss a published paper to which the original author's response will be sought. Biography or History - a paper covering a historical person or topic related to telecommunications or the digital economy. Interested in submitting to this journal? We recommend that you review the About the Journal page for the journal's section policies, as well as the Author Guidelines. Authors need to register with the journal prior to submitting or, if already registered, can simply log in and begin the five-step process. Papers submitted to the Journal are continuously published into four issues annually. Authors of papers acce…
publisher: Telecommunications Association Inc.
language: en
publication name: Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy
issn: 2203-1693
copyright: Copyright Telecommunications Association Inc.
items: Editorial: Australia’s Social Media Ban for Under 16s
items: Hybrid Wireless Network-on-Chip Architectures with Load-Balanced Congestion-Aware Routing Algorithm
items: Telephone Answering Machines
items: RAVA: A Human-in-the-Loop Hybrid Platform for Explainable Anomaly Detection and Diagnosis in LTE RANs
items: Warning! — Digital Transformation Ahead
items: Editorial: Australia’s National Artificial Intelligence Plan
items: Australia’s Broadband Evolution to 2007
items: Text Mining Applications for Mobile Banking User Satisfaction
items: Critical Success Factors in Digital Transformation Processes
items: Hybrid Deep Learning Ensemble with Dynamic Fusion for Reliable Anomaly Detection in Operational LTE RANs
items: Cybersecurity and Innovation in the Evolving Digital Economy
items: Comments on the Two Historical Reprints in Automation of Directory Assistance
items: Automation of Directory Assistance
items: Clemens William (“Clem”) Pratt 2 July 1936–16 January 2025
items: Secure and Robust Ant-Fly Optimized Dual Key Infrastructure Compatible with 6G Communication Technologies
items: An Energy-Efficient Based Secure IOT Data Transfer with Hashed Data Access Policy Using ACROT-DHSKECC and LSCRC32
items: A Hybrid AI Model Combining RF and SVM for Accurate Sales Prediction in SMEs to Support Digital Transformation
items: Modelling and Analysis of Regulatory Interventions for Sustainable Public Wi-Fi Programs
items: The Digital Economy is the ‘New Normal’
items: Ninety Years of the Journal – Part 2
items: A Lightweight Zero-Trust Architecture Implementation for Enhancing Cybersecurity in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
items: Implementing a Process Mining Framework to Improve Customer Experience
items: Book Review: The Interconnected Life of Peter Gerrand
items: Whatever Happened to ISDN?
items: Guest Editorial: Driving the Digital Economy with Cutting-Edge Technologies, Innovation and Data Analytics
items: Remembering Keith Barnes and the Saudi Project
items: Echoes of 1935, Signals of 2025: A 90-Year Journey
items: Analysing the Effects of Paid Subscriptions on User Engagement in Social Media Platforms
items: Security on Cloud Resource Consumption of Malicious Attacks – A Systematic Review
items: The Impact of 5G on Business Models for Mobile Operators in Emerging Markets

Editorial: Australia’s Social Media Ban for Under 16s
type: item
description: Australia’s social media ban for minors under 16 years of age has been hailed as a world first and leading edge. Many other countries have shown interest and some have indicated that they will institute similar schemes. In this editorial, we reflect on the scheme after 3½ months of operation, considering the reported responses of social media firms and of users, and what might happen next. As an introduction to the March issue of the Journal, we outline the topics covered.
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
subject: Social media regulation
  topic: keywords
subject: National Plans
  topic: keywords
subject: Australian Government
  topic: keywords
subject: Child protection
  topic: keywords
creator: Jim Holmes
creator: Leith H Campbell
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: iii
ending page: viii
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v14n1.1473

Hybrid Wireless Network-on-Chip Architectures with Load-Balanced Congestion-Aware Routing Algorithm
type: item
description: Network-on-Chip (NoC) faces growing challenges in maintaining low-latency, energy-efficient communication as core counts in System-on-Chip architectures continue to rise. Wireless Network-on-Chip (WiNoC) has emerged as a promising solution by integrating wireless links with traditional wired mesh networks, enabling single-hop long range communication. However, with limited wireless bandwidth and non-uniform traffic patterns, WiNoC systems are prone to wireless congestion and inefficient resource utilisation. This paper proposes a load-balanced congestion-aware routing algorithm for WiNoC (LCRAW) that addresses these issues. The algorithm changes packet distribution between lower-wired paths and upper-layer wireless paths dynamically. The wired mesh network is partitioned into small subnets, and source-to-destination distance guides optimal path selection. By monitoring network load conditions, LCRAW adaptively reduces congestion risk in both layers and improves overall throughput. Simulation results using synthetic traffic patterns on the Noxim cycle-accurate simulator show that LCRAW, compared to XY and load-balanced congestion-aware (LTCA) routing, improves throughput by up to 14% and 9%, reduces latency by 19% and 12%, and decreases energy consumption by 13% and 10%, respectively. For application traces, LCRAW improves throughput by up to 25% and 14%, reduces latency by 16% and 9%, and decreases energy consumption by 51% and 35%, compared to XY and LTCA, respectively.
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: Wireless Network on Chip
  topic: keywords
subject: Congestion Aware Routing
  topic: keywords
subject: Load Balancing
  topic: keywords
subject: MAC Protocol
  topic: keywords
subject: Noxim Simulator
  topic: keywords
creator: Ayodeji Ireti Fasiku
creator: Jeevan Sirkunan
creator: Muhammad Nadzir Marsono
creator: Mohd Shahrizal Rusli
creator: Ab Al-Hadi Ab Rahman
creator: Mohammed Sultan Mohammed
creator: Jumeidi Alexander
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 17
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v14n1.1459

Telephone Answering Machines
type: item
description: The Journal revisits an historic paper from 1959, which details the first practical implementations of an automatic telephone answering machine for subscribers in Australia. Three different models are described that essentially provide the same functionality.
subject: History of Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: History of Australian Telecommunications
  topic: keywords
subject: Telephone Answering Machines
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecommunication Journal of Australia
  topic: keywords
creator: Simon Moorhead
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 119
ending page: 125
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v14n1.1450

RAVA: A Human-in-the-Loop Hybrid Platform for Explainable Anomaly Detection and Diagnosis in LTE RANs
type: item
description: Today, Deep Learning (DL) has significantly improved anomaly detection accuracy in LTE Radio Access Networks (RANs). However, a gap remains between theoretical performance and real-world deployment. Traditional monitoring tools lack the interactivity and interpretability necessary for quick troubleshooting and resolution. In this paper, we present RAVA (Real-Time Anomaly Visualisation and Analysis), a comprehensive web platform that operationalises AI-driven detection. RAVA proposes a modular architecture that separates heavy inference tasks from visualisation, utilising WebSockets for real-time responsiveness. Our system includes a diagnostic engine that converts SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)-based feature importance into actionable root causes, such as congestion and interference, through a deterministic, rule-based module. Additionally, a Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) feedback mechanism allows engineers to validate detections and actively improve the ground truth repository for ongoing system enhancement. The platform is tested with a real-world dataset of 1,650 eNodeBs. While relying on the underlying engine, which achieves a 93.89% F1-score, this study demonstrates its operational usefulness through a detailed case study of a site failure. Results indicate that RAVA effectively bridges the gap between black-box AI and engineering workflows. This platform reduces time-to-insight and supports closed-loop network management.
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: LTE RAN Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Intelligent Monitoring Platform
  topic: keywords
subject: Human-in-the-Loop
  topic: keywords
subject: Automated Root Cause Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Real-Time Visualisation
  topic: keywords
creator: Zakaria Bouraoui
creator: Abd El Madjid Kahoul
creator: Karim Zarour
creator: Insaf Boumezbeur
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 68
ending page: 87
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v14n1.1425

Warning! — Digital Transformation Ahead
type: item
description: A new book by Rohit Prasad and V Sridhar, 5G and Beyond: Rewiring Telecom Regulation (2026) contains proposals for an overall re-examination of the global approach to telecom regulation. Their thesis is that 5G deployment is reaching completion and attention is shifting to 6G roll-out, but the ongoing need for investment is being jeopardised by developments such as the power of Big Tech firms, the elongation of the value chain, and the strain put on networks by the exponential growth of content and applications. The authors claim to have developed several new regulatory concepts such as ‘diagonal equity’ (equal treatment of telecom providers and over-the-top digital platforms (OTTs) and applications providers) and ‘digital neutrality’ (OTTs should contribute a percentage of their revenues as a broadband infrastructure levy (BIL) in order to fund network enhancements), that represent significant departures from the past and are ‘intended to stimulate debate’ and ‘unleash the full potential of the digital economy’. Although these are not genuinely new concepts and they are explored insufficiently to establish firm proposals with prima facie evidence, there is the kernel of an idea that might yet lead to the digital transformation that the authors so obviously care about.
subject: Book Review
  topic: section
subject: regulation
  topic: keywords
subject: 5G
  topic: keywords
subject: OTT digital platforms
  topic: keywords
subject: digital neutrality
  topic: keywords
subject: digital transformation
  topic: keywords
creator: David Rogerson
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 109
ending page: 118
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v14n1.1440

Editorial: Australia’s National Artificial Intelligence Plan
type: item
description: As with many countries in the world that are primarily technology takers, rather than technology leaders, Australia is seeking to address the issues for its place in the global digital ecosystem and to identify, and then realise, the opportunities that artificial intelligence (AI) may bring. On 2 December 2025, the Australian Government published its much-awaited National Artificial Intelligence Plan. In our editorial, we broadly summarise the Plan and discuss some initial reactions to it. We hope to revisit the subject in 2026 to find out how the Plan has fared at that stage. Also, we outline the eight technical papers published in this issue. In personnel changes, we note the resignation of the previous Editor-in-Chief.
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
subject: Editorial
  topic: keywords
subject: AI
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: National Plans
  topic: keywords
subject: Australian Government
  topic: keywords
creator: Jim Holmes
creator: Leith H Campbell
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: iii
ending page: vii
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n4.1409

Australia’s Broadband Evolution to 2007
type: item
description: The Journal revisits an historic paper, written by Peter Darling in 2007, which details Australia’s evolving broadband policy as background to the decisions likely to be made by the incoming new Australian Government in that year. Broadband policy was a critical differentiator between the outgoing Coalition government and the incoming Labor government in the 2007 federal election. The paper is written for a broad readership within the Australian telecommunications industry.
subject: History of Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: History of Australian Telecommunications
  topic: keywords
subject: Broadband Evolution and Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecommunication Journal of Australia
  topic: keywords
creator: Simon Moorhead
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 179
ending page: 205
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n4.1387

Text Mining Applications for Mobile Banking User Satisfaction
type: item
description: As mobile banking gains popularity for financial transactions, research aimed at enhancing user satisfaction has become increasingly important. This paper examines the literature on the application of text-mining methods to extract insights from user-generated content in the context of mobile banking. The objective is to identify the text-mining methods commonly employed and the key factors influencing user satisfaction in mobile banking. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify relevant articles from Google Scholar, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect. The results show that sentiment analysis, topic modelling and word cloud are the most widely used methods in the mobile banking context. Furthermore, the findings highlight that the most cited drivers of user satisfaction in mobile banking based on text mining approaches are security, ease of use and software updates. Additionally, the review uncovers gaps in previous research, particularly the underutilization of advanced text mining methods. To address these gaps, this paper establishes a comprehensive framework that consolidates previous findings and provides actionable recommendations for future research. This framework serves as a guide to better understand user satisfaction and to leverage text mining for more effective insights in the evolving landscape of mobile banking.
subject: Industry Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Mobile banking
  topic: keywords
subject: text mining
  topic: keywords
subject: user satisfaction
  topic: keywords
subject: artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: literature review
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmed Hentati
creator: Rim Jallouli
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 148
ending page: 178
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n4.1385

Critical Success Factors in Digital Transformation Processes
type: item
description: This paper examines digital transformation as a systemic and strategic process that redefines how organisations operate, interact and sustain themselves. It addresses the relevance of integrating technical or technological, human/social and organisational dimensions in understanding transformation outcomes. The study tackles the conceptual and methodological fragmentation in current literature which hinders the identification of comprehensive success factors. It discusses the key technological, human/social and organisational factors that determine the success of digital transformation when analysed holistically. The novelty lies in integrating the three dimensions into a unified analytical framework – an approach rarely explored comprehensively – bridging theoretical gaps and practical limitations. A systematic literature review was conducted under the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, selecting and analysing empirical and theoretical studies from diverse sectors and contexts. Results demonstrated that no factor operates in isolation; their coherent articulation is essential for achieving effective and sustainable digital transformation. This study concludes that context-sensitive interpretive frameworks are necessary for moving beyond an instrumental view of digitalisation. The implications call for coordinated action among policymakers, managers and stakeholders to enhance the impact and sustainability of digital strategies.
subject: Review/Tutorial
  topic: section
subject: Digital transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: Critical success factors
  topic: keywords
subject: sociotechnical process
  topic: keywords
subject: leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: change management
  topic: keywords
creator: Orfa Nidia Patiño-Toro
creator: Edward Andrés Tamayo Duque
creator: Paula Andrea Rodríguez-Correa
creator: Alejandro Valencia-Arias
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 88
ending page: 108
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v14n1.1383

Hybrid Deep Learning Ensemble with Dynamic Fusion for Reliable Anomaly Detection in Operational LTE RANs
type: item
description: Monitoring long-term evolution (LTE) network performance is increasingly complex due to rapidly growing data volumes and the diversity of quality-of-service indicators. Traditional monitoring approaches relying on static thresholds and manual key performance indicator (KPI) analysis often fail to detect multidimensional, evolving anomalies. We propose instead a hybrid deep ensemble learning framework for anomaly detection and diagnosis in Radio Access Networks (RANs). This framework integrates four complementary architectures: (i) a convolutional autoencoder (CAE); (ii) a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory AutoEncoder (BLSTM-AE); (iii) a transformer autoencoder (transformer AE); and (iv) a bidirectional LSTM forecaster, generating various anomaly scores. These scores are dynamically fused across frequency bands and processed with an Isolation Forest (IF) to produce the final anomaly judgment. An evaluation on real LTE data from Algerian mobile networks (three months, 1650 base stations, hourly KPIs) demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach, achieving a maximum F1 score of 93.89%, an improvement of up to 9.5% over the best individual model. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)-based explainability analysis reveals that key operational indicators related to mobility and resource use drive the model’s decisions. This work provides a practical, interpretable hybrid framework validated on confidential operational data from a national operator under region-specific conditions.
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: Hybrid deep learning ensemble
  topic: keywords
subject: LTE RAN KPI anomaly detection
  topic: keywords
subject: Convolutional Autoencoder
  topic: keywords
subject: Isolation Forest classification
  topic: keywords
subject: SHAP interpretability
  topic: keywords
creator: Abd El Madjid Kahoul
creator: Zakaria Bouraoui
creator: Karim Zarour
creator: Insaf Boumezbeur
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 105
ending page: 126
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n4.1363

Cybersecurity and Innovation in the Evolving Digital Economy
type: item
description: This editorial introduces the September 2025 issue of the Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, spotlighting the intersection of cybersecurity, emerging technologies, and historical lessons in the digital economy. As digital transformation accelerates, threats to IoT, cloud, and 5G ecosystems proliferate, demanding innovative, resource-efficient solutions for SMEs and emerging markets. Contributions in this issue – from machine learning-driven threat detection to zero-trust architectures and reflections on telecom automation – highlight human and organisational factors in resilience. They bridge legacy telecommunications with future-oriented strategies, underscoring the journal's commitment to fostering adaptive digital ecosystems amid persistent vulnerabilities.
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
subject: Editorial
  topic: keywords
subject: Editor-in-Chief
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Cybersecurity
  topic: keywords
subject: IoT Security
  topic: keywords
creator: Michael de Percy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-15
publication date: 2025-10-15
starting page: iii
ending page: vi
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n3.1356

Comments on the Two Historical Reprints in Automation of Directory Assistance
type: item
description: This paper is a comment on the background to the two historical papers reproduced in “Automation of Directory Assistance” in this issue. The experience of this author is that, despite a rapid decline in the service quality and mounting operating costs, Telecom was slow to act on automation of the Directory Assistance Service, did not fully exploit the advantages of the automated system, and provided a Directory Assistance Service that was clearly inferior to world’s best practice. Some benchmarking results are provided as evidence.
subject: History of Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: Directory Assistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Benchmarks
  topic: keywords
subject: History of Australian telecommunications
  topic: keywords
creator: Ian Campbell
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-15
publication date: 2025-10-15
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n3.1340

Automation of Directory Assistance
type: item
description: The Journal revisits two historic papers from 1981/82 that describe a successful trial in Sydney of a computer-based system to automate the Directory Assistance manual card records in Australia. The trial led to the implementation of a national Directory Assistance system which provided productivity improvements but fell short of the performance achieved by similar systems in the USA.
subject: History of Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: History of Australian Telecommunications
  topic: keywords
subject: Automation
  topic: keywords
subject: Directory Assistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecommunication Journal of Australia
  topic: keywords
creator: Simon Moorhead
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-15
publication date: 2025-10-15
starting page: 176
ending page: 190
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n3.1330

Clemens William (“Clem”) Pratt 2 July 1936–16 January 2025
type: item
description: This paper is an appreciation of the life and contributions of Dr C. W. (Clem) Pratt, who died in January 2025. He had a 38-year career with the PMG’s Department and its successors, working first on traffic engineering and then expanding his career and interests into computing and operational support systems. He was a Distinguished Fellow of the Telecommunications Society of Australia, having been Vice-Chairman of the National Board for 17 years. He was active in the Statistical Society of Australia, serving as national Chairman for one term. He was a long-term member of the Advisory Council for the International Teletraffic Congresses and an influential educator on teletraffic engineering and related statistical methods.
subject: Biography
  topic: section
subject: International Teletraffic Congress
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecommunications Society of Australia
  topic: keywords
subject: History of Australian Telecommunications
  topic: keywords
creator: Leith H Campbell
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-15
publication date: 2025-10-15
starting page: 196
ending page: 204
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n3.1322

Secure and Robust Ant-Fly Optimized Dual Key Infrastructure Compatible with 6G Communication Technologies
type: item
description: Sixth Generation (6G) communication, the successor to 5G, is expected to deliver data rates up to 1 Tbps, enabling ultra-HD streaming and real-time holographic communication. However, security threats, such as hacking and espionage, pose significant challenges. To address this, a dual-key encryption model is proposed, generating two keys—one from randomness and another from a distance metric. The key generation process includes channel probing, preprocessing, quantization, encoding, reconciliation, and amplification. Channel probing assesses parameters; preprocessing prepares data; quantization approximates levels; encoding converts data to binary; and reconciliation corrects quantization errors. The model’s performance, evaluated in terms of key disagreement rate, bit generation rate, key mismatch rate and throughput, demonstrates superior results compared to existing methods. Metrics like latency, reliability, scalability, and security further validate the system’s effectiveness.
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: 6G communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Dual key infrastructure
  topic: keywords
subject: Diffie-Hellman Elliptical curve
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital signature verification
  topic: keywords
creator: Hussain Jassim Mohammad Alaaedi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 18
ending page: 45
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v14n1.1318

An Energy-Efficient Based Secure IOT Data Transfer with Hashed Data Access Policy Using ACROT-DHSKECC and LSCRC32
type: item
description: The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) applications in healthcare has amplified the need for secure, efficient, and scalable data transmission frameworks. This study proposes an energy-aware and secure IoT-based data transmission architecture tailored for remote healthcare monitoring systems. Unlike conventional encryption-centric models, the proposed framework integrates lightweight double encryption (ACROT-DHSKECC) and hashed access control (LSCRC32) with optimised network path selection using clustering and Grasshopper Optimisation Algorithm (GOA). This integration reduces latency, enhances node-level energy efficiency, and secures data transmission over distributed networks. The system’s design aligns with next-generation telecom infrastructure, making it well-suited for deployment in 5G-enabled smart healthcare environments. Simulation results demonstrate reduced hash generation time, lower memory usage, and enhanced encryption performance, affirming its viability for secure data delivery in modern digital health ecosystems.
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA)
  topic: keywords
subject: Secure Data Transmission
  topic: keywords
subject: IoT Healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: Energy-Efficient Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: 5G Healthcare
  topic: keywords
creator: Tamarapalli Anjikumar
creator: A.S.N. Chakravarthy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-15
publication date: 2025-10-15
starting page: 145
ending page: 175
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n3.1301

A Hybrid AI Model Combining RF and SVM for Accurate Sales Prediction in SMEs to Support Digital Transformation
type: item
description: Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly adopting digital transformation to enhance their competitive advantage and operational efficiency. Accurate sales prediction is crucial for informed decision-making and business strategy optimisation. This research presents a Hybrid AI model, which combines the machine learning techniques of Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Unlike traditional ensemble methods, this hybrid model leverages AI-driven decision-making processes to provide a more intelligent, adaptive, and accurate approach to sales forecasting in SMEs. By integrating RF's ensemble learning power with SVM's robust classification abilities, the model effectively addresses sales prediction challenges in dynamic business environments. The hybrid model was evaluated using key statistical metrics, achieving a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.7254, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.4605, and an R-squared (R²) value of 0.99999, indicating outstanding predictive accuracy and a near-perfect fit to the data. These results demonstrate the model's capacity to capture complex sales data relationships, proving its practical applicability for sales forecasting. This study highlights the potential of hybrid AI models in advancing sales forecasting techniques, particularly in the context of digital transformation for SMEs.
subject: Digital Economy & Society
  topic: section
subject: Hybrid Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Random Forest
  topic: keywords
subject: Support Vector Machine
  topic: keywords
subject: Sales Prediction
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Transformation
  topic: keywords
creator: Eko Purwanto
creator: Bangun Prajadi Cipto Utomo
creator: Hanifah Permatasari
creator: Farahwahida Mohd
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 33
ending page: 52
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n4.1306

Modelling and Analysis of Regulatory Interventions for Sustainable Public Wi-Fi Programs
type: item
description: Public Wi-Fi is a suitable technology alternative to mobile broadband for affordable Internet access. With a 2.6 billion population yet to be connected globally, many countries are formulating policies around Public Wi-Fi to bridge the digital divide. India lags considerably in broadband connectivity, with only 44% rural Internet/broadband density. Public Wi-Fi penetration in India is meagre compared to global deployments. The Indian government launched the Wi-Fi Access Network Interface (WANI) as an approved Public Wi-Fi infrastructure in December 2020 with the dual objectives of encouraging local entrepreneurs to become Public Data Offices (PDOs) and offering citizens affordable high-speed Wi-Fi Internet service. However, the scheme has so far met with limited success. The sustainability of these PDOs is critical for the success of the program. We develop an Agent-Based Model of the WANI ecosystem by incorporating the Bass diffusion model for users’ adoption of Internet data service offered by PDOs. Our simulations indicate that offering a one-time subsidy, capping the market share of PDOs, and fixing a lower Internet backhaul tariff will lead to more sustainable and competitive Wi-Fi markets.
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: public Wi-Fi
  topic: keywords
subject: digital divide
  topic: keywords
subject: Internet broadband
  topic: keywords
subject: agent-based model
  topic: keywords
subject: Internet backhaul
  topic: keywords
creator: Sandeep Agrawal
creator: Varadharajan Sridhar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 82
ending page: 104
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n4.1287

The Digital Economy is the ‘New Normal’
type: item
description: This editorial introduces a new issue of the Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, exploring the growth of the digital economy post-COVID-19. The pandemic accelerated online interactions, revealing a lag in social norms despite decades-old technologies. Developed nations integrate AI into shopping, while developing countries advance rapidly, yet design principles remain rooted in tradition. The contributions in this issue underscore the human element in technology adoption and the Journal’s role in bridging telecommunications’ legacy with today’s digital challenges, enriching understanding of the evolving digital economy.
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
subject: Editor-in-Chief
  topic: keywords
subject: Editorial
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Economy
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: keywords
creator: Michael de Percy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-07-19
publication date: 2025-07-19
starting page: iii
ending page: iv
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n2.1303

Ninety Years of the Journal – Part 2
type: item
description: The Journal revisits an historic paper from 1974 that reflects on the centenary of the formation of the Society and its associated Journal. Five historic technical papers from the 19th century, reproduced in 1974, have also been extracted.
subject: History of Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: History of Australian Telecommunications
  topic: keywords
subject: The Telegraph Electrical Society of Melbourne
  topic: keywords
subject: The Postal Electrical Society of Victoria
  topic: keywords
subject: The Telecommunication Journal of Australia
  topic: keywords
creator: Simon Moorhead
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-07-19
publication date: 2025-07-19
starting page: 104
ending page: 114
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n2.1285

A Lightweight Zero-Trust Architecture Implementation for Enhancing Cybersecurity in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
type: item
description: Confronted by resource limitations and sophisticated cyber threats, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) require tailored cybersecurity solutions. This research introduces and validates a Lightweight Zero-Trust Architecture (LZTA) specifically designed for SMEs. The proposed LZTA effectively integrates contextual access verification, multi-factor authentication, and role-based access control to ensure robust security without imposing excessive costs. Crucially, rigorous benchmarking demonstrated that the LZTA manages high-concurrency loads while significantly outperforming conventional and open-source Zero-Trust baselines in both response time and throughput. This work delivers a practical and high-performance blueprint for SMEs to adopt Zero-Trust principles, effectively balancing robust security with the operational constraints of smaller organisations.
subject: Digital Economy & Society
  topic: section
subject: SMEs
  topic: keywords
subject: Zero Trust
  topic: keywords
subject: Cybersecurity
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Ecosystem
  topic: keywords
subject: Authorization
  topic: keywords
creator: Truong Duy Dinh
creator: Tran Duc Le
creator: Thi Thu Ha Nguyen
creator: Hoang Giang Do
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-15
publication date: 2025-10-15
starting page: 106
ending page: 144
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n3.1284

Implementing a Process Mining Framework to Improve Customer Experience
type: item
description: Improving Customer Experience (CX) is a strategic priority for organisations. This study develops and evaluates a Process Mining framework that extracts operational performance metrics and interpretable insights from event logs to support evidence-based decisions for optimizing CX. The framework encompasses the discovery of visual process models, cycle time measurement, analysis of operational flows and frequencies, identification of recurring bottlenecks, and evaluation of model accuracy. Applied to three datasets (Sepsis Events, BPI Challenge, and Hospital Billing), the results showed strong model accuracy, ranging from 88% for BPI Challenge to 100% for Hospital Billing. Additionally, the analysis uncovered efficiency variations, with cycle times spanning 19.4 hours to 149.2 days, and flagged notable delays, such as over 700 hours in administrative duties. These findings affirm the framework’s ability to offer in-depth insights, helping organisations identify key obstacles and take purposeful steps to elevate service quality and customer contentment.
subject: Industry Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Process Mining
  topic: keywords
subject: Customer Experience
  topic: keywords
subject: Decision Making
  topic: keywords
subject: Performance Metrics
  topic: keywords
subject: Process Discovery
  topic: keywords
creator: Carolina Ramirez
creator: Javier Dioses
creator: Gonzalo Jara
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 127
ending page: 147
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n4.1281

Book Review: The Interconnected Life of Peter Gerrand
type: item
description: Peter Gerrand was editor-in-chief of this journal and its predecessors from 1994 to 2015. An engineer trained at Melbourne and Monash universities, he worked from the 1960s to the 1990s at the Melbourne research laboratories of the PMG, Telecom Australia and Telstra. He ran CITRI (1993–1996), the Collaborative IT Research Institute founded by Melbourne and RMIT universities, and Melbourne IT (1996–2000), floating the latter on the Australian Stock Exchange in December 1999. This short autobiography provides astute personal insights into a career that spanned the Australian telecommunications industry’s historic transitions from monopoly to competition, from public to private enterprise, and from analogue to digital communications networks.
subject: Book Review
  topic: section
subject: Telecommunications History
  topic: keywords
subject: Melbourne IT
  topic: keywords
subject: Liberalisation
  topic: keywords
subject: PMG Labs
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Switching
  topic: keywords
creator: Jock Given
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-07-19
publication date: 2025-07-19
starting page: 84
ending page: 87
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n2.1283

Whatever Happened to ISDN?
type: item
description: In the 90th year of publication of this, our local journal, it is fitting to look back at some technologies or services that were once popular topics but whose time has now passed. This paper looks at the history of the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) as it is reflected in the pages of the Telecommunication Journal of Australia (TJA). ISDN was popular in the 1980s: in the period 1984–1990, no less than 15 papers were published in the TJA, about 6% of the papers in those years. ISDN quickly disappeared from publications with the rise of the Internet and ADSL in the 1990s. The accompanying historical reprint from 1986 describes the transmission issues associated with providing ISDN customer access and presents some of the design decisions made by Telecom Australia.
subject: History of Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: ISDN
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecommunication Journal of Australia
  topic: keywords
subject: History of Australian Telecommunications
  topic: keywords
creator: Leith H Campbell
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-07-19
publication date: 2025-07-19
starting page: 88
ending page: 103
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n2.1279

Guest Editorial: Driving the Digital Economy with Cutting-Edge Technologies, Innovation and Data Analytics
type: item
description: Navigating the complex terrain of digital transformation, this special issue presents a selection of studies that maps the intricate intersections of technological innovation, economic strategies, and organisational adaptation. The preamble traces the evolutionary pathways of digital transformation from its nascent stages to the current epoch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and complex technological ecosystems. The articles selected for this special issue have been organised into three sections based on the major themes addressed in this special issue: (1) Financial technologies (Fintech) Horizons: Gamification, AI, and the Evolution of Digital Financial Ecosystems; (2) AI-Driven Strategies in Marketing and Social Media; and (3) Data Dynamics and Organisational innovation. The concluding section, ‘Towards a Comprehensive Epistemological Framework of Digital Innovation in the AI Epoch,’ synthesises the diverse research narratives, offering a forward-looking perspective that underscores the universal yet contextually nuanced impact of digital technologies across global economic and technological landscapes.
subject: Special Issue: Driving the Digital Economy
  topic: section
subject: Digital Transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: Data Analytics
  topic: keywords
subject: Fintech,
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Marketing
  topic: keywords
subject: Innovation
  topic: keywords
creator: Rim Jallouli
creator: Mohamed Anis Bach Tobji
creator: Hicham Sadok
creator: Kaltoum Lajfari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-04-14
publication date: 2025-04-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n1.1245

Remembering Keith Barnes and the Saudi Project
type: item
description: Keith Barnes died at age 92 on 3 January 2025. He devoted his whole working life to PMG and Telecom. He rose from the ranks in the Queensland State Administration to become Chief Planning Engineer in Telecom Headquarters. Keith did it his way, but his story is broadly typical of many others who contributed to the great infrastructure-building era of telecommunications in the post-war era. What is not typical is Keith’s last major assignment, which was to lead the in-country team from Telecom Australia to provide a wide range of professional advice and support to Saudi Telecom. The assignment was unique, big and challenging. In this article the authors pay tribute to Keith and the team, and reflect upon the Saudi project itself.
subject: Biography
  topic: section
subject: Keith Barnes
  topic: keywords
subject: PMG
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecom Australia
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecom Australia (International)
  topic: keywords
subject: Saudi Arabia
  topic: keywords
creator: Jim Holmes
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-04-14
publication date: 2025-04-14
starting page: 427
ending page: 437
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n1.1244

Echoes of 1935, Signals of 2025: A 90-Year Journey
type: item
description: This editorial bridges the past and future of telecommunications and the digital economy. It highlights the third collaboration with the International Conference on Digital Economy, following its ninth conference in Morocco in 2024. The conference inspired the Special Issue section, ‘Driving the Digital Economy with Cutting-Edge Technologies, Innovation, and Data Analytics,’ alongside the Telecommunications articles in this March 2025 issue. These contributions signal the Journal’s forward-looking vision. Meanwhile, the Biography and History sections reflect on the Journal’s legacy, marking the 90th anniversary of continuous publication. The editorial concludes with gratitude to the outgoing Managing Editor for his pivotal support during the new Editor-in-Chief’s inaugural issue.
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
subject: Digital Economy,
  topic: keywords
subject: Editor-in-Chief
  topic: keywords
subject: Editorial
  topic: keywords
subject: Managing Editor
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Economy
  topic: keywords
subject: History of Telecommunications
  topic: keywords
creator: Michael de Percy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-04-14
publication date: 2025-04-14
starting page: iv
ending page: vii
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n1.1240

Analysing the Effects of Paid Subscriptions on User Engagement in Social Media Platforms
type: item
description: This study investigates the effects of paid subscriptions on revenue and user engagement on social media platforms, focusing on Instagram. By leveraging Network Externality Theory, Customer Engagement Theory, and Uses and Gratifications Theory, the research explores how paid subscriptions impact network effects, user base growth, and emotional and behavioural engagement. A longitudinal analysis of 146,942 Instagram comments reveals a predominantly positive sentiment towards paid subscriptions, with users expressing high levels of appreciation and satisfaction. The study identifies key themes such as positive engagement, content quality and constructive feedback. Findings suggest that paid subscriptions enhance platform attractiveness and user interaction, driving increased engagement and revenue growth. This research provides valuable insights for platform developers and content creators, highlighting the importance of continuous monitoring and responsiveness to user feedback.
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: Paid Subscriptions
  topic: keywords
subject: User Engagement
  topic: keywords
subject: Revenue Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Media
  topic: keywords
subject: Sentiment Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Yavuz Selim Balcioğlu
creator: Yelda Özkoçak
creator: Yağmur Gümüşboğa
creator: Erkut Altındağ
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 53
ending page: 81
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n4.1239

Security on Cloud Resource Consumption of Malicious Attacks – A Systematic Review
type: item
description: An ever-increasing number of buyers are moving to the public cloud and facilitating their applications on cloud cost-effectively to benefit from enhanced high accessibility and versatility. Malicious Cloud Bandwidth Consumption (MCBC) is one type of threat where attackers consume the cloud bandwidth slowly and continuously for an extended time, causing a financial burden to the cloud consumer. This research emphasises securing cloud web resource consumption by detailing MCBC attacks and proposes a methodology for building classifiers using Machine Learning (ML) to detect malicious requests accurately. Then, at that point, we evaluate the performance of each method based on its features, advantages, and limitations. Additionally, we also outline future research directions for developing improved cloud computing models.
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: section
subject: MCBC Cloud Attack
  topic: keywords
subject: Machine Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Cyber Security
  topic: keywords
subject: Clouds Security
  topic: keywords
subject: Online Consumption
  topic: keywords
creator: H Shaheen
creator: S. Vinoth Kumar
creator: S Vidhya
creator: K Ravikumar
creator: S Girirajan
creator: R Senthilkumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 46
ending page: 67
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v14n1.1234

The Impact of 5G on Business Models for Mobile Operators in Emerging Markets
type: item
description: The advent of 5G wireless technologies has created new opportunities and challenges for mobile operators in emerging markets. However, the disruptive nature of 5G networks is likely to transform existing value chains and impact the current mobile operator-centric ecosystem, rendering traditional business models inadequate. The introduction of 5G networks therefore requires the adoption of new business models or the reconfiguration of existing ones to ensure that mobile operators can achieve both economic value and technological innovation in a sustainable way. This study investigates the factors that impact business models of mobile operators in emerging markets as a result of 5G deployment. The study was conducted using the qualitative research method by adopting an interpretivist research philosophy. Primary data was collected inductively through a case study approach with 10 semi-structured online interviews conducted in 8 emerging markets in the Sub-Saharan Africa region. The results show that when 5G is commercially deployed, several aspects, including internal, external and hybrid factors impact the business models of mobile operators.
subject: Digital Economy & Society
  topic: section
subject: 5G
  topic: keywords
subject: Business Models
  topic: keywords
subject: Emerging Markets
  topic: keywords
subject: Impacting Factors
  topic: keywords
subject: Mobile Operators
  topic: keywords
creator: Laurence Banda
creator: Etienne Alain Feukeu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-15
publication date: 2025-10-15
starting page: 71
ending page: 105
doi: 10.18080/jtde.v13n3.1230