Flow-level Load Balancing of HTTP Traffic using OpenFlow
Main Article Content
Keywords
Software Defined Networking, Load Balancing, Multi-homed Devices, Web Traffic Optimisation, Video Streaming Traffic
Abstract
In this paper, we explore the concept of flow-based load balancing of network traffic on multi-homed hosts. In contrast to existing approaches such as MultipathTCP, our approach is a client-side-only solution, and can therefore easily be deployed. We specifically explore flow-based load balancing for web and video traffic use cases. Experimental evaluations of our OpenFlow-based load balancer demonstrate the potential of flow-based load balancing.
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References
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Akhshabi, S; Begen, AC; Dovrolis, C. 2011. ‘An experimental evaluation of rate-adaptation algorithms in adaptive streaming over HTTP’. Pro¬ceedings of the second annual ACM conference on multimedia systems, pp. 157-168.
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Chen, Y-C; Lim, Y.-S; Gibbens, RJ; Nahum, EM; Khalili, R; Towsley, D. 2013. ‘A measurement-based study of multipath TCP performance over wireless networks’. Proceedings of the 2013 conference on internet measurement conference, pp. 455-468.
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Handigol, N; Seetharaman, S; Flajslik, M; McKeown, N; Johari, R. 2009. ‘Plug-n-serve: Load-balancing web traffic using Openflow’. ACM SIG-COMM Demo, 4 (5), p. 6.
Huang, T-Y; Handigol, N; Heller, B; McKeown, N; Johari, R. 2012. ‘Confused, timid, and unstable: picking a video streaming rate is hard’. Proceedings of the 2012 internet measurement conference, pp. 225-238.
ISO. 2014. ‘Information technology — Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH). Part 1: Media presentation description and segment formats’ ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014, May. Retrieved from https://www.iso.org/standard/65274.html
Langley, A; Riddoch, A; Wilk, A; Vicente, A; Krasic, C; Zhang, D; et al. 2017. ‘The QUIC transport protocol: Design and internet-scale deployment’. Proceedings of the conference of the ACM special interest group on data communication. pp. 183-196.
McKeown, N; Anderson, T; Balakrishnan, H; Parulkar, G; Peterson, L; Rexford, J; ... Turner, J. 2008. ‘Openflow: enabling innovation in campus networks’. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 38(2), pp. 69-74. doi: 10.1145/1355734.1355746
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Nikravesh, A; Guo, Y; Qian, F; Mao, Z. M; Sen, S.(2016. ‘An in-depth understanding of multipath TCP on mobile devices: Measurement and system design’. Proceedings of the 22nd annual international conference on mobile computing and networking, pp. 189-201.
Paasch, C; Barre, S; et al. 2013. ‘Multipath TCP in the Linux kernel’. Available from https://www.multipath-tcp.org/
Perkins, C. 2002. ‘IP mobility support for IPv4’. RFC 3344.
Roskind, J. 2013. ‘QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connections): Multiplexed stream transport over UDP’. IETF-88 TSV Area Presentation. Retrieved from https://www.ietf.org/proceedings/88/slides/slides-88-tsvarea-10.pdf
Stewart, R. 2007. ‘Stream control transmission protocol’, RFC 4960. Retrieved from https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4960
Wang, R; Butnariu, D; Rexford, J. 2011. ‘Openflow-based server load balancing gone wild’. Hot-ICE’11: Proceedings of the 11th USENIX conference on Hot topics in management of internet, cloud, and enterprise networks and services, p. 12.
Wang, Z; Jain, A. 2012. ‘Navigation timing’, W3C Recommendation 13 December 2012. Retrieved from http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-navigation-timing-20121213/
Yap, K-K; Huang, T.-Y; Kobayashi, M; Yiakoumis, Y; McKeown, N; Katti, S; Parulkar, G. 2012. ‘Making use of all the networks around us: a case study in android’. Proceedings of the 2012 ACM SIGCOMM workshop on cellular networks: operations, challenges, and future design, pp. 19-24.
Akhshabi, S; Begen, AC; Dovrolis, C. 2011. ‘An experimental evaluation of rate-adaptation algorithms in adaptive streaming over HTTP’. Pro¬ceedings of the second annual ACM conference on multimedia systems, pp. 157-168.
Alexa. n.d. ‘The top 500 sites on the web’. Retrieved from, http://www.alexa.com/topsites/global/. Accessed 25 Jan 2017.
Al-Najjar, A; Layeghy, S; Portmann, M. 2016. ‘Pushing SDN to the end-host, network load balancing using Openflow’. 2016 IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communication workshops (percom workshops), pp. 1-6.
Al-Najjar, A; Pakzad, F; Layeghy, S; Portmann, M. 2016. ‘Link capacity estimation in SDN-based end-hosts’. Signal processing and communica¬tion systems (icspcs), 2016 10th international conference on, pp. 1-8.
Chen, Y-C; Lim, Y.-S; Gibbens, RJ; Nahum, EM; Khalili, R; Towsley, D. 2013. ‘A measurement-based study of multipath TCP performance over wireless networks’. Proceedings of the 2013 conference on internet measurement conference, pp. 455-468.
Combs, G. 2012. ‘Tshark Dump and analyze network traffic’. Retrieved from https://www.wireshark.org/docs/man-pages/tshark.html
Cui, Y; Li, T; Liu, C; Wang, X; Kiihlewind, M. 2017. ‘Innovating transport with QUIC: Design approaches and research challenges’. IEEE Internet Computing, 21 (2), pp. 72-76.
Ford, A; Raiciu, C; Handley, MJ; Bonaventure, O. 2015, October 14). ‘TCP Extensions for Multipath Operation with Multiple Addresses’. RFC 6824. RFC Editor. Retrieved from https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6824.txt
Handigol, N; Seetharaman, S; Flajslik, M; McKeown, N; Johari, R. 2009. ‘Plug-n-serve: Load-balancing web traffic using Openflow’. ACM SIG-COMM Demo, 4 (5), p. 6.
Huang, T-Y; Handigol, N; Heller, B; McKeown, N; Johari, R. 2012. ‘Confused, timid, and unstable: picking a video streaming rate is hard’. Proceedings of the 2012 internet measurement conference, pp. 225-238.
ISO. 2014. ‘Information technology — Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH). Part 1: Media presentation description and segment formats’ ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014, May. Retrieved from https://www.iso.org/standard/65274.html
Langley, A; Riddoch, A; Wilk, A; Vicente, A; Krasic, C; Zhang, D; et al. 2017. ‘The QUIC transport protocol: Design and internet-scale deployment’. Proceedings of the conference of the ACM special interest group on data communication. pp. 183-196.
McKeown, N; Anderson, T; Balakrishnan, H; Parulkar, G; Peterson, L; Rexford, J; ... Turner, J. 2008. ‘Openflow: enabling innovation in campus networks’. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 38(2), pp. 69-74. doi: 10.1145/1355734.1355746
Moskowitz, R; Nikander, P; Jokela, P; Henderson, T; Heer, T. 2010. ‘Host identity protocol’, RFC 5201-bis. Retrieved from https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-moskowitz-hip-rfc5201-bis-01
Netravali, R; Sivaraman, A; Das, S; Goyal, A; Winstein, K; Mickens, J; Balakrishnan, H. 2015. ‘Mahimahi: Accurate record-and-replay for HTTP’. Usenix annual technical conference, pp. 417-429.
Nikravesh, A; Guo, Y; Qian, F; Mao, Z. M; Sen, S.(2016. ‘An in-depth understanding of multipath TCP on mobile devices: Measurement and system design’. Proceedings of the 22nd annual international conference on mobile computing and networking, pp. 189-201.
Paasch, C; Barre, S; et al. 2013. ‘Multipath TCP in the Linux kernel’. Available from https://www.multipath-tcp.org/
Perkins, C. 2002. ‘IP mobility support for IPv4’. RFC 3344.
Roskind, J. 2013. ‘QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connections): Multiplexed stream transport over UDP’. IETF-88 TSV Area Presentation. Retrieved from https://www.ietf.org/proceedings/88/slides/slides-88-tsvarea-10.pdf
Stewart, R. 2007. ‘Stream control transmission protocol’, RFC 4960. Retrieved from https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4960
Wang, R; Butnariu, D; Rexford, J. 2011. ‘Openflow-based server load balancing gone wild’. Hot-ICE’11: Proceedings of the 11th USENIX conference on Hot topics in management of internet, cloud, and enterprise networks and services, p. 12.
Wang, Z; Jain, A. 2012. ‘Navigation timing’, W3C Recommendation 13 December 2012. Retrieved from http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-navigation-timing-20121213/
Yap, K-K; Huang, T.-Y; Kobayashi, M; Yiakoumis, Y; McKeown, N; Katti, S; Parulkar, G. 2012. ‘Making use of all the networks around us: a case study in android’. Proceedings of the 2012 ACM SIGCOMM workshop on cellular networks: operations, challenges, and future design, pp. 19-24.
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Published
Dec 31, 2018
Article Details
How to Cite
Al-Najjar, A., Portmann, M., Layeghy, S., & Indulska, J. (2018). Flow-level Load Balancing of HTTP Traffic using OpenFlow. Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, 6(4), 75–95. https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v6n4.166
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Section
Telecommunications
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