Updating warning systems for climate hazards Can navigation satellites help?
Main Article Content
Keywords
navigation satellites
Abstract
Warning systems are relied on worldwide as part of disaster risk reduction. The traditional model of a government monopolistic system supplying warnings through a broadcast approach is now challenged by new media, mobile technologies and the accompanying expectations of individualised warnings to personal mobile devices. We examine this situation, and one novel approach – the use of an augmented signal from the next generation of Japanese positioning satellites – to providing individual warnings to personal devices wherever their owners are. We conclude that delivery to personal devices is feasible and already happening to some extent. Linking these new official systems with the multiple information flows of social media and crowdsourcing remains a major challenge.
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References
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Mathur, AR; Ventura Traveset, J; Montefusco, C; Toran, F; Plag, HP; Ruiz, L; Levy, J. 2005. Provision of emergency communication messages through SBAS: The ESA ALIVE concept, ION GNSS 2005, Long Beach, US.
Parker, DJ; Handmer, J. 1998. The role of unofficial flood warning systems, Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 6(1), 45-60.
Pfister, N. 2002. Community response to flood warnings: the case of an evacuation from Grafton, Australian Journal of Emergency Management, Vol 17, No 2. Available at: https://ajem.infoservices.com.au/items/AJEM-25-02-09#sthash.mNiBnC1c.dpuf
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Wallner, S. 2011. Status of Definition of Dissemination of Emergency Alerts through GNSS, presented at the Sixth Meeting of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG), Working Group B: Enhancement of performance of GNSS services, organized by the Government of Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 5-9 September 2011
BTE. 2001. Bureau of Transport Economics, The Economic Costs of Natural Disasters in Australia. Canberra.
Chatfield, AT; Brajawidagda, U. 2013. Twitter Early Tsunami Warning System: A Case Study in Indonesia’s Natural Disaster Management, System Sciences (HICSS), 2013 46 Hawaii International Conference, DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.2013.579.
Dixon, CS; Haas, R. 2008. GNSS User Requirements in Emergency Management, RIV NAV?08 Conference, London, UK.
Domínguez, E; Simón, FJ; Thomas, P; Zheng, Y; Wittmann, E; Lekaim, D; Tossaint, M; Jeannot, M. 2013. ESA’s Multi-Constellation Regional System Land Users Test-Bed Integrity Algorithms Experimentation Results, to be presented at the 26th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2013), Nashville, TN, September 2013
EMA. 2009. Emergency Management Australia. Flood warning: an Australian guide (3rd Edition), Emergency Management Australia, Canberra. Emergency Alert. Available at: http://www.emergencyalert.gov.au/frequently-asked-questions/who-can-use-it.html . For the actual amendment see: http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/num_act/tapnda2009556/sch1.html . Page accessed 12 November 2014.
Handmer, J. 2000. Are flood warnings futile? The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies. Available at: http://www.massey.ac.nz/~trauma/issues/2000-2/ (2000-2) ISSN: 1174-4707.
Handmer, J. 2006. American exceptionalism or universal lesson: the implications of Hurricane Katrina for Australia, Australian Journal of Emergency Management. 21(1) Feb 2006, 29-42.
Handmer, J. 2009. Warnings and information, Prepared for the 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission, Centre for Risk and Community Safety, RMIT University. May 2009. Witness Statement – 044-001-0002-R.
Handmer, J; Ratajczak-Juszko, I. 2011. Systematic Review of Reports on Emergency Alert, Report prepared for the Office of the Emergency Services Commissioner by the Centre for Risk and Community Safety, RMIT University, Melbourne
Iwaizumi, D; Ishida, T; Iino, S; Kohtake, N; Buist, P. 2014. GNSS-based Emergency Message Service: Lesson Learned and Future Prospects, 7th Advanced Satellite Multimedia Systems Conference, 13th Signal Processing for Space Communications Workshop, 8-10 September 2014.
Iwaizumi, D; Kohtake, N. 2013. Evaluation of reachability and promptness in delivering disaster and evacuation information using an augmentation signal of the QZSS system, 64th IAC, Beijing, China, 2013.
Koebler, J. 2013. The USGS is tracking earthquakes with Twitter, Motherboard. Available at: http://motherboard.vice.com/blog/the-usgs-is-tracking-earthquakes-with-twitter . Accessed 20 November 2014.
Mathur, AR; Ventura Traveset, J; Montefusco, C; Toran, F; Plag, HP; Ruiz, L; Levy, J. 2005. Provision of emergency communication messages through SBAS: The ESA ALIVE concept, ION GNSS 2005, Long Beach, US.
Parker, DJ; Handmer, J. 1998. The role of unofficial flood warning systems, Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 6(1), 45-60.
Pfister, N. 2002. Community response to flood warnings: the case of an evacuation from Grafton, Australian Journal of Emergency Management, Vol 17, No 2. Available at: https://ajem.infoservices.com.au/items/AJEM-25-02-09#sthash.mNiBnC1c.dpuf
Sakai, T; Hiroe, N. 2012. Broadcasting Nationwide Emergency Message by QZSS L1-SAIF Signal, presented at the Proceedings of the 2012 IEICE General Conference, 2012.
UN-ISDR. 2006. Developing Early warning Systems: a checklist. Available at: http://www.unisdr.org/2006/ppew/info-resources/ewc3/checklist/English.pdf
Wallner, S. 2011. Status of Definition of Dissemination of Emergency Alerts through GNSS, presented at the Sixth Meeting of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG), Working Group B: Enhancement of performance of GNSS services, organized by the Government of Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 5-9 September 2011
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Published
May 24, 2020
Article Details
How to Cite
Handmer, J. ., Choy, S. ., & Kohtake, N. . (2020). Updating warning systems for climate hazards: Can navigation satellites help?. Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, 2(4), 13. https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v2n4.264
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Section
Telecommunications
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